The smallest country in the world is Vatican City. It is an independent city-state enclaved within Rome, Italy. With a total area of just 0.44 square kilometers, Vatican City holds the title for being the smallest internationally recognized independent state in terms of both area and population.

Vatican City is the spiritual and administrative headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church, led by the Pope. It is home to iconic landmarks such as St. Peter's Basilica, the Sistine Chapel, and the Vatican Museums, which house a vast collection of art and historical artifacts.

Despite its small size, Vatican City has its own government, legal system, and even its own postal service. It issues its own passports and has its own currency, the Vatican euro, which is used exclusively within its borders.

The population of Vatican City is estimated to be around 800 people. However, it is worth noting that Vatican City is not just a residential area but also a place of work for many individuals, including clergy, diplomats, and various administrative staff.

References:

• Vatican City State Official Website
• Vatican City - Britannica